Migraine: disease characterisation, biomarkers, and precision medicine

Migraine is a disabling neurological disorder, diagnosis of which based on clinical criteria. A shortcoming these criteria that they do not fully capture the heterogeneity migraine, including underlying genetic and neurobiological factors. This complexity has generated momentum for biomarker research to improve disease characterisation identify novel drug targets. In this Series paper, we present progress been made in search biomarkers migraine within genetics, provocation modelling, biochemistry, neuroimaging research. Additionally, outline challenges future directions each modality. We also discuss advances combining integrating data from multiple modalities. These efforts contribute developing precision medicine can be applied patients with migraine.